The beaver is
still working away at the big cottonwood. He, or she, made the first deep cut
into the tree on the creek side, which is the direction that it would be most
convenient for the tree to fall, as that would bring a large amount of food and
dam building materials right into a convenient location across the creek. Most
recent cutting, however, includes cutting at the back side of the tree,
opposite the deep cut on the creek side. At the rate that the work goes
forward, it will likely be several weeks yet before the tree will fall. Herb
and I visited the area on Saturday, January 30th. My son, Mark,
constructed this video from the pictures we collected at that time:
One of the
captions on my video states that the beaver does most of his work at night.
Actually, all of the work on cutting this tree has been done at night. My
cameras have collected hundreds of pictures as the cutting has progressed.
Karen found a
very comprehensive reference to the biology of beavers, dealing with their
special adaptations and habits (see: https://www.aphis.usda.gov/wildlife_damage/beaver_damage/downloads/Baker%20and%20Hill%20Beaver%20Chapter.pdf.)
Beavers are
North America’s largest rodents, very powerfully built, with unique anatomical
adaptations to their ecology and lifestyle. Notice this beaver’s large webbed
hind feet, built to drive it forward in swimming. Its strong jaws and large
front teeth built like chisels are adapted for cutting wood, its main food and
building material for houses and dams. It closes its lips behind its incisors
to keep out water when swimming underwater. Its eyelids are transparent to
allow vision when closed. When under water, its heart rate slows to allow the
animal to remain under without breathing for up to 15 minutes at a time. The
beaver’s digestive system is especially adapted to digest wood, and its food
makes two trips through its digestive tract, as the first round of digestion
results in a semi-liquid greenish substance which is eaten and passes a second
time through the digestive system.
Beavers live in
colonies, which typically are extended family groups. Young beavers remain in
the family until they are about two years of age; they then leave to search out
homes elsewhere. During this time of dispersal of both males and females, they
are called floaters, and must find mates before establishing permanent
residence in an area. Perhaps our beaver is just such a floater. I hope to be
able to monitor it with my trail cameras as long as it remains in our area.
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